38-00

Jesus Is Betrayed

This title can also be translated as: “About when Judas betrayed Jesus” or “How did Judas betray Jesus?”

38-01

Every year, the Jews celebrated the Passover. This was a celebration of how God had saved their ancestors from slavery in Egypt many centuries earlier.

This is background information about the Jewish Passover. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/writing-background/01.md]])

many centuries earlier

This could mean hundreds of years earlier or a very long time before.

About three years after Jesus first began preaching and teaching publicly, Jesus told his disciples that he wanted to celebrate this Passover with them in Jerusalem, and that he would be killed there.

This is background information about why Jesus was in Jerusalem in the Passover, and what would happen to him there. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/writing-background/01.md]])

38-02

One of Jesus’ disciples was a man named Judas. Judas was in charge of the apostles’ moneybag, but he often stole money out of the bag. After Jesus and the disciples arrived in Jerusalem, Judas went to the Jewish leaders. He offered to betray Jesus by identifying him to the authorities in exchange for money. He knew that the Jewish leaders did not accept that Jesus was the Messiah. He knew that they wanted to kill him.

This is background information about Judas and his arrangement to betray Jesus. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/writing-background/01.md]])

in charge of the apostles’ moneybag

This could mean responsible to hold the apostles’ money or responsible to hold the bag that had the disciples’ money in it and to distribute funds from it.

38-03

The Jewish leaders, led by the high priest, paid Judas 30 silver coins to betray Jesus by handing him over to them. This happened just as the prophets said it would. Judas agreed, took the money, and went away. He began looking for an opportunity to help them arrest Jesus.

This is background information about the money Judas received to betray Jesus. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/writing-background/01.md]])

30 silver coins

Each of these coins were worth about four days’ wages.

38-04

celebrated

This could mean was celebrating.

took some bread

This could be translated as: “picked up a piece of bread” or “picked up a flat loaf of bread.”

broke it

This means that he broke the bread into pieces for the people to eat. Alternate translation: “broke it into pieces” or “ripped it” or “tore it.” He may have divided it into many pieces or he may have divided it into two pieces and given them to the apostles to divide among themselves. If possible, use an expression that would apply to either situation. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

This is my body

Though most understand this to mean that the bread is a symbol of Jesus’ body and that it is not actual flesh, it is best to translate this statement literally. Possible meanings are 1. “This bread is my body” and 2. “This bread represents my body.” (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/writing-symlanguage/01.md]])

Do this to remember me

This could mean Do this as a way to remind yourselves of what I am doing for you. Jesus was referring to his death, which would happen soon.

38-05

Drink this

This could mean Drink what is in this cup or Drink from this cup. The drink in the cup was made from grapes so that it had a deep red color.

It is my blood

Though most understand this to mean that the wine is a symbol of Jesus’ blood and that it is not actual blood, it is best to translate this statement literally. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/writing-symlanguage/01.md]])

blood of the New Covenant

This could be translated as: “blood that makes the New Covenant possible” or “blood that is the basis for the New Covenant.”

I will pour out

This could be translated as: “I will bleed out.”

remember me

This could mean celebrate me or commemorate me. It could also be translated as: “especially focus on me” or “remind you of me.”

38-06

said to the disciples, “One of you will betray me.”

This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “told his disciples that one of them would betray him.” (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-quotations/01.md]])

said, “The person to whom I give this piece of bread is the betrayer.”

This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “said that the person to whom he would give the piece of bread was the betrayer.” (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-quotations/01.md]])

give this piece of bread

This could mean hand this piece of bread.

is the betrayer

This could also be translated as: “will betray me” or “is the one who will betray me.”

38-07

Satan entered into him.

This could mean Satan went into him or Satan took control of him.

Judas left and went

Some languages may prefer to say: “Judas left the meal and went” or “Judas left the room and went outside.”

38-08

Mount of Olives

This is the name of a hill covered with olive trees, just outside the walls of the city of Jerusalem. It can also be translated as: “Olive Tree Hill.”

abandon me

This could mean desert me or leave me.

It is written

This could mean It is written in God’s word or It is written in the scriptures or One of God’s prophets wrote. It is also possible to say: “What is written will happen” or “It will be like what is written.” This prophecy refers to Jesus’ death and his followers' desertion. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

I will strike

This could mean I will kill. Here I refers to God. It is implied that God will cause or allow people to harm and kill Jesus. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

the shepherd and all the sheep

Do not use Jesus’ name in this quote because the prophet who first wrote it would not have known the shepherd’s name. Also, do not refer to the sheep being the disciples. It is best to use words that mean shepherd and sheep in your translation. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

all the sheep will be scattered

This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will scatter all the sheep of the flock” or “the sheep of the flock will run off in all directions” (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

38-09

replied, “Even if all the others abandon you, I will not!”

This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “replied that even if all the others abandoned Jesus, he would not!” (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-quotations/01.md]])

Even if all the others abandon you, I will not!

Peter said this to emphasize that he would never abandon Jesus. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-exclamations/01.md]])

Even if all the others abandon you

Peter is stating a hypothetical situation—the other disciples might abandon Jesus. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-hypo/01.md]])

abandon you

Check to see how you translated this in 38:08.

I will not

This is an ellipse. The missing information can be stated: “replied, “Even if all the others abandon you, I will not abandon you” (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]])

to have all of you

This could mean to completely control you or to get you to serve him completely. The word you is plural in this phrase. All of the words you and your that follow are singular.

that your faith will not fail

This could mean that you will not stop believing in me.

before the rooster crows

Roosters often crow about the time the sun comes up, so the hearers might have understood these words as a metonym for the sun coming up. However, the actual crowing of a rooster is an important part of the story later on, so keep the word rooster in the translation. Alternate translation: “Before the rooster crows at dawn tomorrow” or “before the rooster crows tomorrow morning.” (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

38-10

said to Jesus, “Even if I must die, I will never deny you!”

This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “said to Jesus that even if he had to die, he would never deny Jesus!” (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-quotations/01.md]])

deny you

This could mean deny that I know you or deny that I am your disciple or disown you.

38-11

Then Jesus went with his disciples to a place called Gethsemane

This introduces a new event. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/writing-newevent/01.md]])

a place called Gethsemane

This could be translated as: “a nearby place called Gethsemane” or “a place called Gethsemane at the foot of the Mount of Olives.”

they would not enter into temptation

This could be translated as: “they would not be tempted” or “Satan would not tempt them.”

by himself

This could be translated as: “alone.”

38-12

My Father

This is an important title for God the Father. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples/01.md]])

if it is possible

This means if God would allow it to happen. Alternate translation: “if you will allow it” (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

drink this cup of suffering

Jesus speaks of the work that he must do, including dying on the cross, as if it were a bitter liquid that God has commanded him to drink from a cup. Alternate translation: “go through this suffering” or “suffer what is about to happen” or “endure this suffering.” (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

let your will be done

This expression means do what you have planned or do what needs to be done.

38-13

After each time of prayer

This could mean Every time Jesus prayed that prayer. This refers to the three times he prayed, as mentioned in 38:12.

said, “Wake up! My betrayer is here.”

This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: “told them to wake up, for his betrayer was there!” (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-quotations/01.md]])

38-14

Judas came with the Jewish leaders, soldiers, and a large crowd. They were carrying swords and clubs

This is background information about the people who came with Judas. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/writing-background/01.md]])

came to

Some languages may prefer to say: “went to.”

Greetings

This can also be translated as: “Hello” or “Peace” or “Good evening.”

kissed him

Good friends would kiss each other on the cheek, but a disciple would probably kiss his master on the hand to show respect. No one knows for sure how Judas kissed Jesus. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

are you betraying me with a kiss?

This could mean are you really going to betray me with a kiss? Jesus is not looking for an answer to this question, so some languages would translate it as a statement, such as: “you are betraying me by kissing me!” or “you make your betrayal even worse by kissing me!” (See: [[https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/figs-rquestion/01.md]])

38-15

pulled out his sword

This could mean pulled out his sword from the place where he was carrying it.

the Father…my Father